How reciting the Pledge of Allegiance became a sacred, patriotic ritual

Not all Americans were enthusiastic about the pledge. The most common complaints were religious. For instance, followers of traditions with strong pacifist commitments opposed reciting the Pledge of Allegiance. They objected to the implication that defending the flag would mean resorting to violence in violation of their religious beliefs. Others regarded the Pledge of Allegiance as a form of "idol worship."

https://theconversation.com/how-reciting-the-pledge-of-allegiance-became-a-sacred-patriotic-ritual-231432