Does wage theft take $1 billion a year from workers in New York state? - PolitiFact

Wage theft occurs when "workers are denied their legally owed wages and benefits," said Rebecca Berke Galemba, an associate professor at the University of Denver's Josef Korbel School of International Studies. 

Galemba said wage theft can take many forms, including being paid below minimum wage, being paid less than an employee's work agreement, a denial of overtime or meal or rest breaks, improper or illegal deductions from the worker's paycheck, the withholding of tips, the misclassification of workers and/or outright nonpayment of what workers are owed…

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2024/feb/21/linda-rosenthal/does-wage-theft-take-1-billion-a-year-from-workers/